Madd — the science of length
أحكام المد
Natural madd and the secondary madds: muttasil, munfasil, 'aridh, and lazim.
Madd asli (natural)
A bare ا و ي of prolongation with no hamzah or sukun after it: exactly two counts, never more, never less.
Madd muttasil
The madd letter and a hamzah in the SAME word: obligatory, four to five counts (جَآءَ).
Madd munfasil
Madd letter at the end of a word, hamzah at the start of the next: permissible, two, four or five counts — but stay consistent through the whole recitation.
Madd 'aridh lis-sukun
A madd letter followed by a letter you stop on: two, four or six counts, your choice.
Madd lazim
A madd letter followed by a permanent sukun or shaddah: six counts, always (ٱلضَّآلِّينَ).
Examples
جَآءَ
jā'a
Muttasil — 4 to 5 counts, hamzah inside the same word.
إِنَّآ أَعْطَيْنَٰكَ
innā a'ṭaynāka
Munfasil — the madd ends one word, hamzah opens the next.
وَلَا ٱلضَّآلِّينَ
wa-lā-ḍ-ḍāllīn
Madd lazim — six full counts on آ before the shaddah.
Interactive practice
Consistent munfasil length and no over-stretching of natural madd.
إِنَّآ أَعْطَيْنَٰكَ ٱلْكَوْثَرَ
innā a'ṭaynāka-l-kawthar · Al-Kawthar 108:1
Quiz
1. How many counts is madd lazim?
2. Madd muttasil means the hamzah is…
3. Natural madd (madd asli) is held for…
Lesson status
Quiz —% · Pronunciation —% · pass mark 80% on both.